Plant Machinery Sales of Cone Crushers

Crusher

Crushers are heavy plant machines that are used to break larger rock to smaller rocks, gravel or rock dust. There are several different types of crushers: Jaw Crusher, Cone Crusher, Hammer Mill, Impact Crusher & Gyratory Crusher. In order to get the desired size, material can go through a crusher up to four times. The Ratio of Reduction refers to the crushing of larger material into smaller sizes.

There are 3 stages to the crushing of materials; Primary, Secondary & Tertiary. In operation, raw material is usually delivered to the primary crusher's hopper by Dump Trucks, Excavators or Wheeled Loaders. A conveyor or vibrating grid controls the rate at which this material enters the crusher and often contains a preliminary screening device or Screener, which sifts out smaller material allowing it to bypass the crusher. Primary crushing reduces the large pieces to a size which can be handled by the downstream machinery.

 

History:

Before Crushing Machines the pick & hammer were used to mine rocks & metals. Larger rocks were later broken into smaller more manoeuvrable sizes by use of explosives. In the 19th century, the use of steam machines changed mining dramatically.

In 1858 Eli Whitney Blake produced the first workable jaw crusher  a design that all crushers would follow & is still used today. The first gyratory crusher, another leading type of modern crushing machines, was patented by Philters W. Gates in 1883.

In 1906 Thomas L. Smith and Paul W. Post, the original owners of what is now Telsmith, saw that the growing production of cars and demand for better road conditions there would generate market for aggregate. This led them to launch one of the biggest crusher manufacturers in the world.

The first crusher that Smith and Post produced was the Symons, "Pillar Shaft" gyratory crusher; they sold 50 units. By 1910, they were also producing jaw crushers like the "Dodge."

With the development of infrastructure, the demand for smaller aggregate grew steadily. Telsmith realised that the tertiary crusher was needed to further break rocks to ½ inch (1.3 cm). Smith Engineering (later known as Telsmith) developed a number of different crushers: a cone crusher called the reduction crusher, the Telsmith Cone, the Intercone and one of the most successful crushers in history; the Gyrasphere crusher in the mid 1930s.

Over the years crushers have grown in size & evolved since:

·         Gates second machine had an 18-inch (46-cm) receiving opening

·         By 1910, the Gyratory Crusher had a receiving opening as big as 48 inches (122 cm)

·         Power & Mining Machinery Co. built the 84 x 60 Jaw Crusher

·         They also built the Sledging Roll Crusher (a primary crusher) with 84 x 60 inch (213 x 152 cm) machine.  This machine quickly achieved a high degree of popularity, and although its field of application was relatively limited

·         In 1919, Traylor Engineering built the largest Gyratory Crusher of its time; the 60 inch gyratory

·         The first Hammer Mill Crusher came to market in 1920

·         The Hammer Mills developed from the 1920's through the 1950's and evolved to include impactors that broke the rock with fixed breaking bars which eliminated the grates from some machines

·         Telesmiths 4248 Jaw Crusher and 66-inch (168-cm) Gyrasphere Crushers were produced in 1960s

·         Taylor produced the 72-inch (183-cm) Gyratory Crusher in 1969. It was the world’s biggest and only machine of its size until 2001; when it was downsized to facilitate underground mining operations.

 

Cone Crusher:

The Cone Crusher, also known as a Reduction Crusher, is a Secondary or Tertiary Crusher. They are used to produce finely crushed stone from medium to hard, abrasive material. It is similar in style to the Gyratory Crusher, with its cone shape design but has a smaller cone and smaller receiving opening. A cone crusher breaks rock by squeezing the rock between a gyrating spindle and the enclosing concave hopper.  Large material is received in the top of the cone & is broken into smaller & smaller pieces as it travels down the cone, until finally the desired size is deposited.

 

Industries: Metallurgy, Construction, Road Building, Chemical and Phosphate Industries

Manufacturers: Terex Pegson, Allis Chalmers, Symons

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